Source code for mne_bids.sidecar_updates

"""Update BIDS directory structures and sidecar files meta data."""

# Authors: The MNE-BIDS developers
# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause

import json
from collections import OrderedDict

import numpy as np
from mne.channels import DigMontage, make_dig_montage
from mne.io import read_fiducials
from mne.io.constants import FIFF
from mne.utils import _check_on_missing, _on_missing, _validate_type, logger, verbose

from mne_bids import BIDSPath
from mne_bids.utils import _write_json


# TODO: add support for tsv files
[docs] @verbose def update_sidecar_json(bids_path, entries, verbose=None): """Update sidecar files using a dictionary or JSON file. Will update metadata fields inside the path defined by ``bids_path.fpath`` according to the ``entries``. If a field does not exist in the corresponding sidecar file, then that field will be created according to the ``entries``. If a field does exist in the corresponding sidecar file, then that field will be updated according to the ``entries``. For example, if ``InstitutionName`` is not defined in the sidecar json file, then trying to update ``InstitutionName`` to ``Martinos Center`` will update the sidecar json file to have ``InstitutionName`` as ``Martinos Center``. Parameters ---------- bids_path : BIDSPath The set of paths to update. The :class:`mne_bids.BIDSPath` instance passed here **must** have the ``.root`` attribute set. The ``.datatype`` attribute **may** be set. If ``.datatype`` is not set and only one data type (e.g., only EEG or MEG data) is present in the dataset, it will be selected automatically. This must uniquely identify an existing file path, else an error will be raised. entries : dict | str | pathlib.Path A dictionary, or JSON file that defines the sidecar fields and corresponding values to be updated to. %(verbose)s Notes ----- This function can only update JSON files. Sidecar JSON files include files such as ``*_ieeg.json``, ``*_coordsystem.json``, ``*_scans.json``, etc. You should double check that your update dictionary is correct for the corresponding sidecar JSON file because it will perform a dictionary update of the sidecar fields according to the passed in dictionary overwriting any information that was previously there. Raises ------ RuntimeError If the specified ``bids_path.fpath`` cannot be found in the dataset. RuntimeError If the ``bids_path.fpath`` does not have ``.json`` extension. Examples -------- Update a sidecar JSON file >>> from pathlib import Path >>> root = Path('./mne_bids/tests/data/tiny_bids').absolute() >>> bids_path = BIDSPath(subject='01', task='rest', session='eeg', ... suffix='eeg', extension='.json', datatype='eeg', ... root=root) >>> entries = {'PowerLineFrequency': 60} >>> update_sidecar_json(bids_path, entries, verbose=False) """ # get all matching json files bids_path = bids_path.copy() if bids_path.extension != ".json": raise RuntimeError( 'Only works for ".json" files. The ' "BIDSPath object passed in has " f"{bids_path.extension} extension." ) # get the file path fpath = bids_path.fpath if not fpath.exists(): raise RuntimeError(f"Sidecar file does not " f"exist for {fpath}.") # sidecar update either from file, or as dictionary if isinstance(entries, dict): sidecar_tmp = entries else: with open(entries) as tmp_f: sidecar_tmp = json.load(tmp_f, object_pairs_hook=OrderedDict) logger.debug(sidecar_tmp) logger.debug(f"Updating {fpath}...") # load in sidecar filepath with open(fpath) as tmp_f: sidecar_json = json.load(tmp_f, object_pairs_hook=OrderedDict) # update sidecar JSON file with the fields passed in sidecar_json.update(**sidecar_tmp) # write back the sidecar JSON _write_json(fpath, sidecar_json, overwrite=True)
def _update_sidecar(sidecar_fname, key, val): """Update a sidecar JSON file with a given key/value pair. Parameters ---------- sidecar_fname : str | os.PathLike Full name of the data file key : str The key in the sidecar JSON file. E.g. "PowerLineFrequency" val : str The corresponding value to change to in the sidecar JSON file. """ with open(sidecar_fname, encoding="utf-8-sig") as fin: sidecar_json = json.load(fin) sidecar_json[key] = val _write_json(sidecar_fname, sidecar_json, overwrite=True)
[docs] @verbose def update_anat_landmarks( bids_path, landmarks, *, fs_subject=None, fs_subjects_dir=None, kind=None, on_missing="raise", verbose=None, ): """Update the anatomical landmark coordinates of an MRI scan. This will change the ``AnatomicalLandmarkCoordinates`` entry in the respective JSON sidecar file, or create it if it doesn't exist. Parameters ---------- bids_path : BIDSPath Path of the MR image. landmarks : mne.channels.DigMontage | path-like An :class:`mne.channels.DigMontage` instance with coordinates for the nasion and left and right pre-auricular points in MRI voxel coordinates. Alternatively, the path to a ``*-fiducials.fif`` file as produced by the MNE-Python coregistration GUI or via :func:`mne.io.write_fiducials`. .. note:: :func:`mne_bids.get_anat_landmarks` provides a convenient and reliable way to generate the landmark coordinates in the required coordinate system. .. note:: If ``path-like``, ``fs_subject`` and ``fs_subjects_dir`` must be provided as well. .. versionchanged:: 0.10 Added support for ``path-like`` input. fs_subject : str | None The subject identifier used for FreeSurfer. Must be provided if ``landmarks`` is ``path-like``; otherwise, it will be ignored. fs_subjects_dir : path-like | None The FreeSurfer subjects directory. If ``None``, defaults to the ``SUBJECTS_DIR`` environment variable. Must be provided if ``landmarks`` is ``path-like``; otherwise, it will be ignored. kind : str | None The suffix of the anatomical landmark names in the JSON sidecar. A suffix might be present e.g. to distinguish landmarks between sessions. If provided, should not include a leading underscore ``_``. For example, if the landmark names in the JSON sidecar file are ``LPA_ses-1``, ``RPA_ses-1``, ``NAS_ses-1``, you should pass ``'ses-1'`` here. If ``None``, no suffix is appended, the landmarks named ``Nasion`` (or ``NAS``), ``LPA``, and ``RPA`` will be used. .. versionadded:: 0.10 on_missing : 'ignore' | 'warn' | 'raise' How to behave if the specified landmarks cannot be found in the MRI JSON sidecar file. .. versionadded:: 0.10 %(verbose)s Notes ----- .. versionadded:: 0.8 """ _validate_type(item=bids_path, types=BIDSPath, item_name="bids_path") _validate_type( item=landmarks, types=(DigMontage, "path-like"), item_name="landmarks" ) _check_on_missing(on_missing) # Do some path verifications and fill in some gaps the users might have # left (datatype and extension) # XXX We could be more stringent (and less user-friendly) and insist on a # XXX full specification of all parts of the BIDSPath, thoughts? bids_path_mri = bids_path.copy() if bids_path_mri.datatype is None: bids_path_mri.datatype = "anat" if bids_path_mri.datatype != "anat": raise ValueError( f'Can only operate on "anat" MRI data, but the provided bids_path ' f"points to: {bids_path_mri.datatype}" ) if bids_path_mri.suffix is None: raise ValueError( 'Please specify the "suffix" entity of the provided bids_path.' ) elif bids_path_mri.suffix not in ("T1w", "FLASH"): raise ValueError( f'Can only operate on "T1w" and "FLASH" images, but the bids_path ' f"suffix indicates: {bids_path_mri.suffix}" ) valid_extensions = (".nii", ".nii.gz") tried_paths = [] file_exists = False if bids_path_mri.extension is None: # No extension was provided, start searching … for extension in valid_extensions: bids_path_mri.extension = extension tried_paths.append(bids_path_mri.fpath) if bids_path_mri.fpath.exists(): file_exists = True break else: # An extension was provided tried_paths.append(bids_path_mri.fpath) if bids_path_mri.fpath.exists(): file_exists = True if not file_exists: raise ValueError( f"Could not find an MRI scan. Please check the provided " f"bids_path. Tried the following filenames: " f'{", ".join([p.name for p in tried_paths])}' ) if not isinstance(landmarks, DigMontage): # it's pathlike if fs_subject is None: raise ValueError( 'You must provide the "fs_subject" parameter when passing the ' "path to fiducials" ) landmarks = _get_landmarks_from_fiducials_file( bids_path=bids_path, fname=landmarks, fs_subject=fs_subject, fs_subjects_dir=fs_subjects_dir, ) positions = landmarks.get_positions() coord_frame = positions["coord_frame"] if coord_frame != "mri_voxel": raise ValueError( f"The landmarks must be specified in MRI voxel coordinates, but " f'provided DigMontage is in "{coord_frame}"' ) # Extract the cardinal points name_to_coords_map = { "LPA": positions["lpa"], "NAS": positions["nasion"], "RPA": positions["rpa"], } # Check if coordinates for any cardinal point are missing, and convert to # a list so we can easily store the data in JSON format missing_points = [] for name, coords in name_to_coords_map.items(): if coords is None: missing_points.append(name) else: # Funnily, np.float64 is JSON-serializabe, while np.float32 is not! # Thus, cast to float64 to avoid issues (which e.g. may arise when # fiducials were read from disk!) name_to_coords_map[name] = list(coords.astype("float64")) if missing_points: raise ValueError( f"The provided DigMontage did not contain all required cardinal " f"points (nasion and left and right pre-auricular points). The " f"following points are missing: " f'{", ".join(missing_points)}' ) bids_path_json = bids_path.copy().update(extension=".json") if not bids_path_json.fpath.exists(): # Must exist before we can update it _write_json(bids_path_json.fpath, dict()) mri_json = json.loads(bids_path_json.fpath.read_text(encoding="utf-8")) if "AnatomicalLandmarkCoordinates" not in mri_json: _on_missing( on_missing=on_missing, msg=f"No AnatomicalLandmarkCoordinates section found in " f"{bids_path_json.fpath.name}", error_klass=KeyError, ) mri_json["AnatomicalLandmarkCoordinates"] = dict() for name, coords in name_to_coords_map.items(): if kind is not None: name = f"{name}_{kind}" if name not in mri_json["AnatomicalLandmarkCoordinates"]: _on_missing( on_missing=on_missing, msg=f"Anatomical landmark not found in " f"{bids_path_json.fpath.name}: {name}", error_klass=KeyError, ) mri_json["AnatomicalLandmarkCoordinates"][name] = coords update_sidecar_json(bids_path=bids_path_json, entries=mri_json)
def _get_landmarks_from_fiducials_file( *, bids_path, fname, fs_subject, fs_subjects_dir ): """Get anatomical landmarks from fiducials file, in MRI voxel space.""" # avoid dicrular imports from mne_bids.write import ( _get_fid_coords, _get_t1w_mgh, _mri_landmarks_to_mri_voxels, ) digpoints, coord_frame = read_fiducials(fname) # All of this should be guaranteed, but better be safe than sorry! assert coord_frame == FIFF.FIFFV_COORD_MRI assert digpoints[0]["ident"] == FIFF.FIFFV_POINT_LPA assert digpoints[1]["ident"] == FIFF.FIFFV_POINT_NASION assert digpoints[2]["ident"] == FIFF.FIFFV_POINT_RPA montage_loaded = make_dig_montage( lpa=digpoints[0]["r"], nasion=digpoints[1]["r"], rpa=digpoints[2]["r"], coord_frame="mri", ) landmark_coords_mri, _ = _get_fid_coords(dig_points=montage_loaded.dig) landmark_coords_mri = np.asarray( ( landmark_coords_mri["lpa"], landmark_coords_mri["nasion"], landmark_coords_mri["rpa"], ) ) t1w_mgh = _get_t1w_mgh(fs_subject, fs_subjects_dir) landmark_coords_voxels = _mri_landmarks_to_mri_voxels( mri_landmarks=landmark_coords_mri * 1000, t1_mgh=t1w_mgh, # in mm ) montage_voxels = make_dig_montage( lpa=landmark_coords_voxels[0], nasion=landmark_coords_voxels[1], rpa=landmark_coords_voxels[2], coord_frame="mri_voxel", ) return montage_voxels