mne.cov.compute_whitener

mne.cov.compute_whitener(noise_cov, info=None, picks=None, rank=None, scalings=None, return_rank=False, pca=False, return_colorer=False, on_rank_mismatch='warn', verbose=None)

Compute whitening matrix.

Parameters

noise_covCovariance

The noise covariance.

infomne.Info | None

The mne.Info object with information about the sensors and methods of measurement. Can be None if noise_cov has already been prepared with prepare_noise_cov().

picksstr | array_like | slice | None

Channels to include. Slices and lists of integers will be interpreted as channel indices. In lists, channel type strings (e.g., ['meg', 'eeg']) will pick channels of those types, channel name strings (e.g., ['MEG0111', 'MEG2623'] will pick the given channels. Can also be the string values “all” to pick all channels, or “data” to pick data channels. None (default) will pick good data channels (excluding reference MEG channels). Note that channels in info['bads'] will be included if their names or indices are explicitly provided.

rankNone | ‘info’ | ‘full’ | dict

This controls the rank computation that can be read from the measurement info or estimated from the data. When a noise covariance is used for whitening, this should reflect the rank of that covariance, otherwise amplification of noise components can occur in whitening (e.g., often during source localization).

None

The rank will be estimated from the data after proper scaling of different channel types.

'info'

The rank is inferred from info. If data have been processed with Maxwell filtering, the Maxwell filtering header is used. Otherwise, the channel counts themselves are used. In both cases, the number of projectors is subtracted from the (effective) number of channels in the data. For example, if Maxwell filtering reduces the rank to 68, with two projectors the returned value will be 66.

'full'

The rank is assumed to be full, i.e. equal to the number of good channels. If a Covariance is passed, this can make sense if it has been (possibly improperly) regularized without taking into account the true data rank.

dict

Calculate the rank only for a subset of channel types, and explicitly specify the rank for the remaining channel types. This can be extremely useful if you already know the rank of (part of) your data, for instance in case you have calculated it earlier.

This parameter must be a dictionary whose keys correspond to channel types in the data (e.g. 'meg', 'mag', 'grad', 'eeg'), and whose values are integers representing the respective ranks. For example, {'mag': 90, 'eeg': 45} will assume a rank of 90 and 45 for magnetometer data and EEG data, respectively.

The ranks for all channel types present in the data, but not specified in the dictionary will be estimated empirically. That is, if you passed a dataset containing magnetometer, gradiometer, and EEG data together with the dictionary from the previous example, only the gradiometer rank would be determined, while the specified magnetometer and EEG ranks would be taken for granted.

The default is None.

New in v0.18: Support for ‘info’ mode.

scalingsdict | None

The rescaling method to be applied. See documentation of prepare_noise_cov for details.

return_rankbool

If True, return the rank used to compute the whitener.

New in v0.15.

pcabool | str

Space to project the data into. Options:

True

Whitener will be shape (n_nonzero, n_channels).

'white'

Whitener will be shape (n_channels, n_channels), potentially rank deficient, and have the first n_channels - n_nonzero rows and columns set to zero.

False (default)

Whitener will be shape (n_channels, n_channels), potentially rank deficient, and rotated back to the space of the original data.

New in v0.18.

return_colorerbool

If True, return the colorer as well.

on_rank_mismatchstr

If an explicit MEG value is passed, what to do when it does not match an empirically computed rank (only used for covariances). Can be ‘raise’ to raise an error, ‘warn’ (default) to emit a warning, or ‘ignore’ to ignore.

New in v0.23.

verbosebool | str | int | None

Control verbosity of the logging output. If None, use the default verbosity level. See the logging documentation and mne.verbose() for details. Should only be passed as a keyword argument.

Returns

Wndarray, shape (n_channels, n_channels) or (n_nonzero, n_channels)

The whitening matrix.

ch_nameslist

The channel names.

rankint

Rank reduction of the whitener. Returned only if return_rank is True.

colorerndarray, shape (n_channels, n_channels) or (n_channels, n_nonzero)

The coloring matrix.